Carwyn Graves’ latest book, "Cynefin – Wisdom from a Thousand Years of Welsh Nature Poetry," published by Calon, explores the deep connection between Welsh poetry and the natural world. The author, who has garnered appreciation for his previous work, invites readers to consider how Welsh poetry intertwines with the community's relationship to nature.
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The introduction begins with an englyn titled "Cled" by Myrddin ap Dafydd, written in the 1990s to commemorate the passing of a beloved hedge layer. This poem exemplifies the book's central theme: the interconnectedness of human life and the environment. Graves argues that the unique nature poetry of Wales does not depict nature as a separate entity but emphasizes that communities are integral to the landscapes they inhabit.
Graves suggests that Welsh poetry may offer solutions to pressing climate and social issues, stating that these poems serve as “windows into a gallery of works” that can root us in the living world during challenging times. Each subsequent chapter provides insights into Welsh nature poetry's evolution, referencing poets from Taliesin of the 6th century to contemporary voices like Manon Awst.
In the first chapter, Graves presents "Claf Abercuawg," an early englyn reflecting the poet's isolation and impending death, likely from leprosy, coinciding with the spring season's renewal theme. He highlights the significance of the cuckoo's call in the poem, contrasting its former prevalence with its rarity today, illustrating a broader theme of environmental decline.
The book’s empirical approach is evident, as Graves combines poetic analysis with scholarly research, providing compelling scientific data to support his arguments. He draws on various texts and psychological theories related to poetry, enhancing the reader's understanding through a blend of literary and methodological rigor.
Graves emphasizes the need for a shift in perspective, urging society to foster deeper connections with the natural world instead of perceiving it merely as a source of solace. He suggests that communities must cultivate relationships with their environment, a sentiment echoed by recent initiatives across Wales aimed at community stewardship of local landscapes.
"Cynefin" concludes on a reflective note, encouraging a return to foundational relationships with nature. Both this book and Graves’ earlier work, “Tir,” have proven to be thought-provoking and enriching reads. The appendix offers additional resources for readers interested in further exploration.
"Cynefin" is available from all good bookshops.